Ancient Peruvians used bird guano to fertilize maize and build a major civilization in the Chincha Valley in Peru.

In 1532, in the city of Cajamarca, Peru, Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro and a group of Europeans took the Inca ruler Atahualpa hostage, setting the stage for the fall of the Inca Empire.

"Poo particles can contain E. coli, salmonella, or even norovirus, all of which, if present in high enough concentrations, ...